Bhagvad Gita - Chapter: 8 Aksara Brahma Yogah

Aksara Brahma Yogah - That Supreme Person, O Partha, in whom all beings reside and by whom this whole universe is pervaded, is attainable only by single-minded devotion.

पुरुष: स पर: पार्थ भक्त्या लभ्यस्त्वनन्यया |
यस्यान्त:स्थानि भूतानि येन सर्वमिदं ततम् ||22||

That Supreme Person, O Partha, in whom all beings reside and by whom this whole universe is pervaded, is attainable only by single-minded devotion.

Parah Purusha: The supreme person.
Antah-sthani: Residing within.
Tatam: Pervaded throughout.

The supreme person as the pervader and sustainer of all beings ties personal devotion to cosmic oneness. This commentary highlights the interconnectedness of individual effort and universal support in spiritual pursuits.

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Aksara Brahma Yogah - O best of the Bharatas, now I will describe to you the paths of return and non-return, the times at which the yogis depart and do not return or do return.

यत्र काले त्वनावृत्तिमावृत्तिं चैव योगिन: |
प्रयाता यान्ति तं कालं वक्ष्यामि भरतर्षभ ||23||

O best of the Bharatas, now I will describe to you the paths of return and non-return, the times at which the yogis depart and do not return or do return.

Avrittim: Non-return or liberation.
Kalam: Time as a concept.
Yoginah: Practitioners of yoga.

The times of departure reveal paths of return and non-return, showcasing the importance of timing and readiness. The commentary reflects on the yogic perspective of death as a strategic transition rather than an end.

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Aksara Brahma Yogah - Fire, light, day, the bright fortnight, and the six months of the northern solstice—departing then, those who know Brahman go to Brahman.

अग्निर्ज्योतिरह: शुक्ल: षण्मासा उत्तरायणम् |
तत्र प्रयाता गच्छन्ति ब्रह्म ब्रह्मविदो जना: ||24||

Fire, light, day, the bright fortnight, and the six months of the northern solstice—departing then, those who know Brahman go to Brahman.

Uttarayanam: The northern solstice.
Brahma-vidah: Knowers of Brahman.
Shuklah: The bright path.

Departing during auspicious conditions like the northern solstice reflects alignment with cosmic rhythms. The commentary emphasizes how natural phenomena mirror the seeker’s internal state and progress.

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Aksara Brahma Yogah - Smoke, night, the dark fortnight, and the six months of the southern solstice—departing then, the yogi attains the lunar light and returns.

धूमो रात्रिस्तथा कृष्ण: षण्मासा दक्षिणायनम् |
तत्र चान्द्रमसं ज्योतिर्योगी प्राप्य निवर्तते ||25||

Smoke, night, the dark fortnight, and the six months of the southern solstice—departing then, the yogi attains the lunar light and returns.

Dakshinayanam: The southern solstice.
Chandramasam: The lunar sphere.
Nivartate: To return or cycle back.

The path of return through the southern solstice symbolizes incomplete realization. This commentary encourages awareness of the subtle differences in spiritual progress and the importance of striving for full liberation.

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शुक्लकृष्णे गती ह्येते जगत: शाश्वते मते |
एकया यात्यनावृत्तिमन्ययावर्तते पुन: ||26||

These bright and dark paths of the world are considered eternal. By one, one does not return; by the other, one returns.

Shukla: Bright path.
Krishna: Dark path.
Gati: Path or route.

The two eternal paths of bright and dark represent liberation and rebirth. The commentary reflects on choice and effort, reminding seekers of the importance of conscious actions in shaping their spiritual destiny.

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नैते सृती पार्थ जानन्योगी मुह्यति कश्चन |
तस्मात्सर्वेषु कालेषु योगयुक्तो भवार्जुन ||27||

Knowing these two paths, O Partha, the yogi is never deluded. Therefore, at all times, be steadfast in yoga.

Sriti: Paths of return and non-return.
Yogi: One who practices yoga.
Muhyati: Deluded or confused.

Krishna urges Arjuna to maintain focus in yoga, avoiding confusion. This commentary reiterates the necessity of discipline and clarity in understanding the teachings and applying them consistently.

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Aksara Brahma Yogah - A yogi who knows all this surpasses the fruits of Vedic study, sacrifices, austerities, and charity and attains the supreme eternal abode.

वेदेषु यज्ञेषु तप:सु चैव दानेषु यत्पुण्यफलं प्रदिष्टम् |
अत्येति तत्सर्वमिदं विदित्वा योगी परं स्थानमुपैति चाद्यम् ||28||

A yogi who knows all this surpasses the fruits of Vedic study, sacrifices, austerities, and charity and attains the supreme eternal abode.

Tapah: Austerities or penances.
Daanam: Charity or giving.
Paramam Sthanam: The supreme abode.

By surpassing the fruits of ritualistic activities, the yogi attains the ultimate eternal abode. The commentary highlights the transition from action-based spirituality to realization-based fulfillment, achieving freedom.

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