Bhagvad Gita - Chapter: 16 Daivasura Sampad Vibhaga Yogah

यो मामेवमसम्मूढो जानाति पुरुषोत्तमम् |
स सर्वविद्भजति मां सर्वभावेन भारत ||19||

One who knows Me, the Supreme Person, without delusion, worships Me with all his heart and devotion.

Asammudha: One who is free from delusion and sees the truth.
Bhajati: To worship with devotion and surrender.

Recognizing Krishna as the Supreme without doubt is the final realization that leads to total devotion. This is not blind faith but the culmination of wisdom, where the seeker transcends confusion and surrenders completely, understanding Krishna as the ultimate shelter.

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Purusottama Yogah - Thus, I have revealed the most secret of all knowledge. One who understands this wisdom becomes enlightened and fulfills life’s purpose.

इति गुह्यतमं शास्त्रमिदमुक्तं मयानघ |
एतद्बुद्ध्वा बुद्धिमान्स्यात्कृतकृत्यश्च भारत ||20||

Thus, I have revealed the most secret of all knowledge. One who understands this wisdom becomes enlightened and fulfills life’s purpose.

Guhyatamam: The most secret and sacred knowledge.
Buddhiman: A wise person who understands and applies this wisdom.

Krishna concludes the chapter by revealing that this knowledge is the most sacred of all teachings. Those who grasp its depth attain true wisdom and fulfill life’s purpose. This verse ties together the entire discourse, emphasizing that understanding and applying this wisdom is the key to liberation.

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Chapter 16

Daivasura Sampad Vibhaga Yogah

श्रीभगवानुवाच अभयं सत्त्वसंशुद्धिर्ज्ञानयोगव्यवस्थिति: |
दानं दमश्च यज्ञश्च स्वाध्यायस्तप आर्जवम् ||1||

{Shri Bhagavan said} Fearlessness, purity of heart, perseverance in pursuit of knowledge and yoga, charity, self-restraint, sacrifice, study of scriptures, austerity, and honesty.

Abhayam: Fearlessness, a divine quality.
Sattva-Samshuddhi: Purity of inner being.
Jnana-Yoga: The path of knowledge and wisdom.

Krishna begins by listing divine qualities, setting the foundation for distinguishing between the righteous and the wicked. Fearlessness and purity of heart are emphasized, suggesting that spiritual growth starts with inner refinement rather than mere rituals. These qualities guide seekers toward self-realization and ultimate liberation.

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Daivasura Sampad Vibhaga Yogah - Non-violence, truthfulness, absence of anger, renunciation, peace, aversion to fault-finding, compassion for all beings, freedom from greed, gentleness, modesty, and absence of fickleness.

अहिंसा सत्यमक्रोधस्त्याग: शान्तिरपैशुनम् |
दया भूतेष्वलोलुप्त्वं मार्दवं ह्रीरचापलम् ||2||

Non-violence, truthfulness, absence of anger, renunciation, peace, aversion to fault-finding, compassion for all beings, freedom from greed, gentleness, modesty, and absence of fickleness.

Ahimsa: Non-violence, a virtue of the righteous.
Apaisunam: Absence of fault-finding.
Mardavam: Gentleness and humility.

Building upon divine virtues, Krishna highlights non-violence and truthfulness as essential traits of the enlightened. The emphasis on restraint and compassion suggests that true strength lies in self-control and benevolence. These qualities create harmony in both individual lives and society, reinforcing the ideal path of dharma.

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Daivasura Sampad Vibhaga Yogah - Vigor, forgiveness, fortitude, cleanliness, absence of hatred, and absence of excessive pride—these are the qualities of those born with divine nature, O Bharata.

तेज: क्षमा धृति: शौचमद्रोहोनातिमानिता |
भवन्ति सम्पदं दैवीमभिजातस्य भारत ||3||

Vigor, forgiveness, fortitude, cleanliness, absence of hatred, and absence of excessive pride—these are the qualities of those born with divine nature, O Bharata.

Tejah: Vigor and energy.
Dhriti: Perseverance and determination.
Adroha: Absence of malice towards others.

Krishna concludes the divine attributes by underscoring perseverance, cleanliness, and humility. Unlike material success, which often fosters arrogance, true spiritual progress is marked by patience and purity. This verse also subtly prepares the reader for the contrast between divine and demoniac natures, which Krishna will explore next.

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Daivasura Sampad Vibhaga Yogah - Hypocrisy, arrogance, conceit, anger, harshness, and ignorance—these, O Partha, belong to those born with demoniac nature.

दम्भो दर्पोऽभिमानश्च क्रोध: पारुष्यमेव च |
अज्ञानं चाभिजातस्य पार्थ सम्पदमासुरीम् ||4||

Hypocrisy, arrogance, conceit, anger, harshness, and ignorance—these, O Partha, belong to those born with demoniac nature.

Dambha: Hypocrisy or pretentiousness.
Parushyam: Harshness in speech and action.
Ajnanam: Lack of wisdom or ignorance.

The transition from divine to demoniac traits begins, illustrating how arrogance and harshness lead to spiritual downfall. Unlike the divine qualities that promote unity, these negative traits breed discord. Krishna warns that ignorance and cruelty not only harm the individual but also corrupt the moral fabric of society, leading to suffering.

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