Arjuna said: O Varshneya, by what is one impelled to sinful acts, even unwillingly, as if engaged by force?
Arjuna inquires about the forces compelling people toward sin, even unwillingly. This question reflects the common human struggle with desire, setting the stage for Krishna’s explanation of the nature of destructive impulses.
{The Blessed Lord said} It is lust and anger, born of the mode of passion. They are all-devouring and sinful. Know this as the enemy here.
Krishna identifies desire and anger, born of passion, as the enemies leading to sin. This psychological insight introduces the concept of internal adversaries, urging Arjuna to recognize and overcome these inner obstacles.
As fire is covered by smoke, a mirror by dust, or a fetus by the womb, so is knowledge covered by it.
Krishna explains that desire clouds wisdom, much like smoke obscures fire. This analogy highlights the distorting effect of unchecked desires on clarity, emphasizing the need for self-control to uncover true insight.
O son of Kunti, knowledge is covered by this eternal enemy of the wise, in the form of insatiable desire, which is like fire.
Krishna describes desire as an unquenchable fire, eternally hungry and destructive. This image warns Arjuna of the dangers of unchecked desires, portraying them as barriers to true wisdom and self-awareness.
The senses, the mind, and the intellect are said to be its abode; through these, it deludes the embodied soul, covering his knowledge.
Desire, Krishna says, operates through the senses, mind, and intellect, clouding judgment. This comprehensive view of desire’s impact highlights the need for vigilance in guarding these faculties to prevent inner conflict.
Therefore, O best of the Bharatas, control the senses first and slay this sinful thing, the destroyer of knowledge and realization.
Krishna advises Arjuna to conquer desire by first controlling the senses. He portrays discipline as essential to spiritual progress, emphasizing that self-mastery begins with curbing sensory impulses.
The senses are superior to the body, the mind is superior to the senses, and the intellect is superior to the mind; the soul is superior to the intellect.
Krishna teaches a hierarchy of control, where intellect surpasses mind and senses, and self transcends intellect. This structure guides Arjuna to prioritize spiritual wisdom over physical and mental impulses.