Know that action has its origin in the Vedas, and the Vedas originate from the Imperishable. Therefore, the all-pervading Veda is eternally based on sacrifice.
Krishna connects karma to divine creation, explaining that the natural order stems from the eternal. Here, he integrates cosmic law and individual duty, suggesting that universal order requires a commitment to selfless, sacrificial action.
He who does not follow here the cycle of sacrifice set in motion, lives sinfully, delighted in the senses. He lives in vain, O son of Pritha.
Failure to respect this cycle leads to a wasted life, says Krishna. He cautions against a self-centered existence, stressing that fulfillment arises from upholding one’s role within the cosmic framework, beyond mere sensory enjoyment.
But the man who is content to the self alone, who is satisfied with the self, for him there is no prescribed duty.
Krishna describes the self-contented person, who is fulfilled without external dependency. This ideal of self-sufficiency showcases a state where actions flow effortlessly from inner completeness rather than external need.
For him, there is no purpose in work, nor any reason to avoid work. For such a person, there is no dependence on anything in the world.
A self-sufficient person, Krishna teaches, is unaffected by praise or blame. He portrays independence from outcomes as essential for spiritual maturity, urging Arjuna to act without concern for external validation or reward.
Therefore, always perform your duty without attachment, for by performing work without attachment, one attains the Supreme.
Krishna advocates detached action, emphasizing that selfless deeds lead to the highest goal. He encourages continual effort without attachment, showing Arjuna that true renunciation involves commitment to duty without expectation.
By action alone, King Janaka and others attained perfection. You should perform your duties for the welfare of the world.
Krishna highlights examples of exemplary figures like King Janaka, who achieved liberation through action. By acting selflessly for the good of society, one attains both personal growth and societal harmony, inspiring others to do the same.
Whatever a great man does, others will follow; whatever standards he sets, the world will follow.
Krishna describes how leaders set standards through their actions. By acting with integrity, leaders influence others positively, guiding society toward virtue and stability, thus underscoring the importance of leading by example.