Sanjaya sets the context by depicting Arjuna’s emotional state, emphasizing the gravity of his despair. Arjuna’s internal conflict reflects his moral dilemma and sense of duty, torn between kinship and righteousness. This vivid description lays the foundation for understanding the deep philosophical and ethical questions that will arise.

Krishna questions Arjuna’s sudden despondency, noting that it contradicts his nature and duty as a warrior. His disappointment stems from seeing Arjuna, a trained and seasoned warrior, succumb to grief and confusion. This rebuke marks the beginning of Krishna’s attempt to guide Arjuna towards clarity and steadfastness in action.

Arjuna expresses his reluctance to harm revered elders like Bhishma and Drona, emphasizing his emotional struggle. His dilemma goes beyond the battlefield, touching on the ethical conflict between his respect for family and his role as a warrior. This highlights the depth of Arjuna’s reverence and the complexity of his predicament.

Arjuna contemplates the futility of war and expresses a preference for a life of penance over the bloodshed of revered elders. He perceives material gains from such violence as tainted, indicating his struggle with the righteousness of his actions. This statement reveals Arjuna’s intense moral conflict and desire to avoid sinful consequences.

Arjuna admits his inability to decide what is better: winning the battle or being defeated. He questions whether it is right to destroy his kin, even if they are on the wrong side. His admission of confusion and helplessness deepens his despair, showcasing the intensity of his inner turmoil and his need for Krishna’s guidance.