This concluding verse of the chapter describes Arjuna’s complete emotional breakdown. After expressing his deep moral conflict and sorrow, he relinquishes his weapons and sits down in despair. This sets the stage for Krishna’s teachings in the Bhagavad Gita, as Arjuna has reached a point where he seeks guidance.

Sanjaya sets the context by depicting Arjuna’s emotional state, emphasizing the gravity of his despair. Arjuna’s internal conflict reflects his moral dilemma and sense of duty, torn between kinship and righteousness. This vivid description lays the foundation for understanding the deep philosophical and ethical questions that will arise.

Krishna sternly urges Arjuna to overcome his weakness, labeling his state of mind as cowardly and unworthy of his lineage. He reminds Arjuna that he must not yield to transient emotions that obstruct his duty. This call to action signals Krishna’s intention to reawaken Arjuna’s courage, steering him towards self-realization and his higher purpose.

Arjuna expresses his reluctance to harm revered elders like Bhishma and Drona, emphasizing his emotional struggle. His dilemma goes beyond the battlefield, touching on the ethical conflict between his respect for family and his role as a warrior. This highlights the depth of Arjuna’s reverence and the complexity of his predicament.

Arjuna contemplates the futility of war and expresses a preference for a life of penance over the bloodshed of revered elders. He perceives material gains from such violence as tainted, indicating his struggle with the righteousness of his actions. This statement reveals Arjuna’s intense moral conflict and desire to avoid sinful consequences.