Arjuna acknowledges that the desire for power and kingdom pleasures is driving the conflict, leading them to commit a great sin. This realization intensifies his inner conflict, as he questions the morality of the war, seeing it as motivated by greed rather than righteousness.

Arjuna expresses his preference to die unarmed and without resistance rather than kill his relatives. This verse shows the depth of his despair, as he feels that surrendering his life would be more honorable than committing violence against his family members, even in the context of war.

This concluding verse of the chapter describes Arjuna’s complete emotional breakdown. After expressing his deep moral conflict and sorrow, he relinquishes his weapons and sits down in despair. This sets the stage for Krishna’s teachings in the Bhagavad Gita, as Arjuna has reached a point where he seeks guidance.

Sanjaya sets the context by depicting Arjuna’s emotional state, emphasizing the gravity of his despair. Arjuna’s internal conflict reflects his moral dilemma and sense of duty, torn between kinship and righteousness. This vivid description lays the foundation for understanding the deep philosophical and ethical questions that will arise.

Krishna questions Arjuna’s sudden despondency, noting that it contradicts his nature and duty as a warrior. His disappointment stems from seeing Arjuna, a trained and seasoned warrior, succumb to grief and confusion. This rebuke marks the beginning of Krishna’s attempt to guide Arjuna towards clarity and steadfastness in action.

Krishna sternly urges Arjuna to overcome his weakness, labeling his state of mind as cowardly and unworthy of his lineage. He reminds Arjuna that he must not yield to transient emotions that obstruct his duty. This call to action signals Krishna’s intention to reawaken Arjuna’s courage, steering him towards self-realization and his higher purpose.